The high -tech stock has fallen. A huge company, such as META and NVIDIA, faces a series of questions about their future. Technology executives have used social media to fear.
And it was all for newly emerging artificial intelligence in China, called DeepSeek.
DeepSeek caused the waves of the world on Monday as one of the results of creating a very powerful AI model with much less money than many AI experts. Many questions have been raised, such as whether US companies have competitiveness in AI. already.
Deepseek was “AI's SPUTNIK moment”, and high -tech venture capitalist Marc Andreessen was posted on social media on Sunday.
Why is a company that most people have heard of that effect?
What is DeepSeek?
Deepseek is an emerging company established and owned by the Chinese stock trading company HIGH-FLYER. The goal is to build AI technology along the Openai Chatgpt chatbot or Google's Gemini line. By 2021, DeepSeek has obtained thousands of computer chips from US chip maker NVIDIA, a basic part of all efforts to create a powerful AI system.
In China, the emerging companies are known for gaining young and talented AI researchers, promising high salaries, and working on cutting -edge research projects. Both high flyers and deep seeks are operated by Chinese entrepreneurs, Lian Wenfen.
For the past few years, DeepSeek has released several large language models. This is a technology that supports chatbots like Chatgpt and Gemini. On January 10, we released the first free chat bot app based on a new model called Deepseek-V3.
Why did the stock market react to it now?
When DeepSeek introduced the Deepseek-V3 model the day after Christmas, it was consistent with the best chatbot abilities of US companies such as Openai and Google. That would have been impressive.
However, the team behind the new system has also revealed a greater move. In a research paper describing how to build the technology, DeepSeek stated that only a small part of the computer chips that AI companies rely on to train major systems.
The world's top companies usually train chatbots on supercomputers that use more than 16,000 chips. DeepSeek engineers said they need only about 2,000 NVIDIA chips.
Why is that important?
In the latter half of 2022, when Openai generated the AI boom, the general concept was that the most powerful AI system could not be built without investing in billions of dollars on a specialized AI chip. This means that only the largest high -tech companies, such as Microsoft, Google, and Meta, have room to build major technology.
(NEW YORK TIMES complains of Openai and his partner, Microsoft, claiming the copyright infringement of the news content related to the AI system. The two high -tech companies denied the lawsuit.)
However, DeepSeek engineers said that only about $ 6 million raw computing power was needed to train new systems. This was about 10 times that META spent the latest AI technology construction.
How did DeepSeek make technology by reducing AI chips?
The US top AI engineer says that DeepSeek's research papers lay out a clever and impressive way to build AI technology with less chips.
In short, the startup engineer has demonstrated more efficient ways to analyze data using chips. The main AI system learns skills by identifying patterns with a huge amount of data, such as text, image, and sound. Deepseek explains how to spread this data analysis to several professional AI models (what researchers call experts mixed), and have lost the time lost by moving the data from the location to the location. I minimized it.
Others used the same method before, but moving information between models tended to reduce efficiency. Deepseek did this to use less computing power.
Tim Detomers, a researcher at the Seattle Inc. of the Artificial Intelligence Research Institute and a computer science at the University of Carnegie Melon, stated: We specialize in building an efficient AI system. “Deepseek has used a way that anyone can copy.”
DeepSeek's research papers questioned whether large US companies could maintain important leads with AI. Many experts believe that AI technology will be a product, and many companies sell almost the same products.
Is DeepSeek technology as good as Openai or Google systems?
Deepseek-V3 can answer questions, solve logic problems, and create unique computer programs as well as those that have already appeared in the market, according to the standard benchmark test.
Immediately before DeepSeek releases technology, Openai has announced a new system called Openai O3. However, Openai has not released this system to a larger general public.
OPENAI O3 is designed to “infer” through problems, including mathematics, science, and computer programming. Many experts have pointed out that DeepSeek has not built a reasoning model along these lines.
Then, on January 20, DeepSeek released a unique reasoning model called Deepseek R1. As a result, investors and others fell into a panic on the weekends because investors and others were aware of the importance of Deep Sheek's new technology at the end of last week.
The US high -tech giant is building a data center with special AI chips. Is this still important given what DeepSeek went?
Yes, it is still important.
Many AI chips can support companies in many ways. With more chips, you can perform more experiments when exploring new ways to build AI.
According to experts, operating a new variety “reasoning” AI model requires more chips. These require more computing power when people and companies use them.
Does the United States limit the number of NVIDIA chips sold in China?
yes. In order to maintain the US lead in the global AI race, the Biden administration has introduced rules to limit the number of powerful chips that can be sold to China and other rivals.
However, the impressive performance of the DeepSeek model raised questions about the unintentional results of the US government's trade restrictions. Controls were forced to enhance creativity with a wide range of tools that Chinese researchers can freely use on the Internet.
Some experts continue to support US trade restrictions, and they have recently been introduced, and have said that it has a significant impact on China's ability to create AI over the years. 。
Does DeepSeek's technology mean that China is currently ahead of the United States in AI?
no. The world has not seen OPENAI O3 model yet. The performance on the standard benchmark test was more impressive in the market. However, experts are concerned that China is moving forward with an open source AI system.
What is an open source AI?
Like many other companies, DeepSeek has “open source” the latest AI system. In other words, we share the basic computer code with other businesses and researchers. This allows others to build and distribute their own products using the same technology.
This is some of the reasons why Deepseek and other Chinese people were able to build a competitive AI system very quickly and inexpensive.
In the AI world, open source first gathered steam in 2023, and meta freely shared the AI system called lama. At that time, many people only had a meta -like company (a huge company with a huge data center filled with special chips) continued to open technology, and the open source ecosystem was prosperous. I was thinking.
However, Deepseek and others indicate that this ecosystem can prosper in a way that spreads beyond American technical companies.
Why is that important?
Many experts argue that technology should not be opened because large US companies should be used to spread fake information or cause other serious harm. Some US members of the United States are exploring the possibility of preventing or narrowing the practice.
However, other experts argue that China will gain significant advantage if regulatory authorities suppress the progress of US open source technology. If the best open source technology comes from China, these experts argued that US researchers and companies will build a system on these technologies.
In the long run, China could be at the center of AI R & D, which could further accelerate efforts to build a wide range of AI technology, including autonomous weapons and other military systems. there is.
